However, it is unclear whether these numbers represent a true increase in prevalence, or are the result of increased awareness, differences in study methodology, or inclusion of subthreshold cases. 4 This figure is ~30% higher than what was reported in 2012 by the Center for Disease Control as 1 in 88 children having autism. There has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders, with current estimates of 1 in 68 children in the United States having ASD. Increase in prevalence of autism spectrum disorder This review provides a broader understanding of research findings, highlights current areas of agreement and controversies, clinical implications as well as critical issues for the research. 5 In order to ensure best standards of care for these individuals, it is important for clinicians to have a better understanding of the disorder. ![]() 4 The diagnostic process of ASD is complex and recent changes in diagnostic criteria and how the disorder is conceptualized has initiated a discussion among professionals, policy makers as well as patients and their families. The disorder is evident in all racial, ethnic and socioeconomic groups. 2 Kanner 3 wrote the first published description of autism in 1943 and after one year, Hans Asperger, a paediatrician from University of Vienna wrote about a group of children with almost similar pattern of behaviours as Kanner’s. ![]() Autism, ASD, DSM-5, genetics, MMR IntroductionĪutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one the most common neurodevelopmental disorders, 1 characterized by persistent impairment in reciprocal communication and social interactions as well as restricted repetitive pattern of behaviours, interests or activities.
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